{"section":{"filename":"s2139.html","chapter":"2100","section_number":"2139","title":"Rejections Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102","revision_tag":"R-10.2019","bytes":157423,"sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df","subsection_count":3,"max_depth":1,"subsections":[{"number":"2139.01","title":"Effective Filing Date of a Claimed Invention Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102","revision_tag":"R-10.2019","depth":1},{"number":"2139.02","title":"Determining Whether To Apply Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a), (b), or (e)","revision_tag":"R-01.2024","depth":1},{"number":"2139.03","title":"Form Paragraphs for Use in Rejections Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102","revision_tag":"R-07.2022","depth":1}]},"quality":"structured","cited_authorities":{"file_section":"2139","cases":[{"key":"case:131uspq41","slug":"ex-parte-olah","short_name":"Ex parte Olah","canonical_citation":"Ex parte Olah, 131 USPQ 41 (Bd. App. 1960)","decision_year":1960,"court":"BPAI","holding_summary":"When a statutory filing period, such as the one-year foreign priority period or the one-year grace period, expires on a Saturday, Sunday, or federal holiday, the period is extended so the application may be filed on the next business day.","holding_confidence":"high","mentions":1,"propositions":[]},{"key":"case:925f.2d1450","slug":"in-re-bartfeld","short_name":"In re Bartfeld","canonical_citation":"In re Bartfeld, 925 F.2d 1450, 17 USPQ2d 1885 (Fed. Cir. 1991)","decision_year":1991,"court":"Fed. Cir.","holding_summary":"A terminal disclaimer cannot overcome a rejection based on prior art under 35 U.S.C. 102 or 103, including a pre-AIA 102(e) rejection, even though it may obviate a nonstatutory double patenting rejection; its purpose is not to remove a patent as prior art.","holding_confidence":"high","mentions":1,"propositions":[]}],"statutes":[{"key":"us_usc:35:102","slug":"35-usc-102","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 102","mentions":18},{"key":"pct_treaty::21","slug":"pct-article-21","canonical_citation":"PCT Article 21","mentions":5},{"key":"us_usc:35:371","slug":"35-usc-371","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 371","mentions":3},{"key":"us_usc:35:363","slug":"35-usc-363","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 363","mentions":2},{"key":"us_usc:35:120","slug":"35-usc-120","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 120","mentions":2},{"key":"us_usc:35:112","slug":"35-usc-112","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 112","mentions":2},{"key":"us_usc:35:119","slug":"35-usc-119","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 119","mentions":2},{"key":"us_cfr:37:1.6","slug":"37-cfr-1-6","canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.6","mentions":2},{"key":"us_usc:35:103","slug":"35-usc-103","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 103","mentions":2},{"key":"us_cfr:37:1.114","slug":"37-cfr-1-114","canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.114","mentions":1},{"key":"us_usc:35:365","slug":"35-usc-365","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 365","mentions":1},{"key":"us_usc:35:111","slug":"35-usc-111","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 111","mentions":1},{"key":"us_usc:35:21","slug":"35-usc-21","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 21","mentions":1},{"key":"us_cfr:37:1.10","slug":"37-cfr-1-10","canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.10","mentions":1},{"key":"us_usc:35:374","slug":"35-usc-374","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 374","mentions":1}],"cross_references":[{"key":"mpep:211","section_number":"211","title":"Claiming the Benefit of an Earlier Filing Date Under 35 U.S.C. 120 and 119(e)","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:1893","section_number":"1893","title":"National Stage (U.S. National Application Filed Under 35 U.S.C. 371)","exists":true,"mentions":2},{"key":"mpep:1895","section_number":"1895","title":"A Continuation, Divisional, or Continuation- in- Part Application of a PCT Application Designating the United States","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2132","section_number":"2132","title":"Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2136","section_number":"2136","title":"Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)","exists":true,"mentions":2},{"key":"mpep:2150","section_number":"2150","title":"Examination Guidelines for 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 as Amended by the First Inventor To File Provisions of the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2152","section_number":"2152","title":"Detailed Discussion of AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) and (b)","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2159","section_number":"2159","title":"Applicability Date Provisions and Determining Whether an Application Is Subject to the First Inventor To File Provisions of the AIA","exists":true,"mentions":2}],"form_paragraphs":[]},"structured_data":{"nodes":[{"id":"pb_rjus5xyr","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_rjus5xyr","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

Any application filed before March 16, 2013, is governed by\n pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102 and 103 (i.e., the application is a pre-AIA\n first to invent application). Note that neither the filing of a request for continued\n examination, nor entry into the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371, constitutes the filing\n of a new application. Accordingly, such an application remains subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102\n and 103 even if a request for continued examination under\n 37 CFR\n 1.114 is filed on or after March 16, 2013, in an application that was\n filed before March 16, 2013. Similarly, a PCT application filed under 35 U.S.C. 363\n before March 16, 2013, is subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and\n 103, regardless of whether the application enters the national stage\n under 35 U.S.C.\n 371 before or after March 16, 2013. \n

","rendered_text_plain":"Any application filed before March 16, 2013, is governed by pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (i.e., the application is a pre-AIA first to invent application). Note that neither the filing of a request for continued examination, nor entry into the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371, constitutes the filing of a new application. Accordingly, such an application remains subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 even if a request for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114 is filed on or after March 16, 2013, in an application that was filed before March 16, 2013. Similarly, a PCT application filed under 35 U.S.C. 363 before March 16, 2013, is subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103, regardless of whether the application enters the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 before or after March 16, 2013.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_p_2c184_12517_b3","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_ttpehrt5"},{"id":"pb_iiyouxva","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_iiyouxva","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

Certain applications filed on or after March 16, 2013 that\n claim the benefit of a filing date earlier than March 16, 2013 under 35 U.S.C. 120,\n 121, or 365 are also governed by\n pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102; see MPEP § 2159et seq. for guidance in determining whether such an application is\n subject to examination under the first to invent prior art regime.\n

","rendered_text_plain":"Certain applications filed on or after March 16, 2013 that claim the benefit of a filing date earlier than March 16, 2013 under 35 U.S.C. 120, 121, or 365 are also governed by pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102; see MPEP § 2159et seq. for guidance in determining whether such an application is subject to examination under the first to invent prior art regime.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_p_2c184_1b48c_392","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_ttpehrt5"},{"id":"se_ttpehrt5","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_ttpehrt5","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_d2c184_124bc_f2","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"section","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2139","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2139","section_number":"2139","chapter":"2100","depth":0,"title":"Rejections Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102","children_ids":["pb_rjus5xyr","pb_iiyouxva","se_c5k6d6sl","se_mag45ryt","se_ocrbkfco"],"revision_tag":"R-10.2019"},{"id":"st_wrfmgtn5","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_wrfmgtn5","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"102","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102"},{"id":"st_czghmvaz","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_czghmvaz","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"371","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 371"},{"id":"st_brdknkho","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_brdknkho","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_cfr","authority_title_num":"37","authority_section_num":"1.114","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.114"},{"id":"st_yp2w2f3y","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_yp2w2f3y","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"363","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 363"},{"id":"st_vfp4s2k5","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_vfp4s2k5","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"120","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 120"},{"id":"se_a7ggpn7r","node_type":"section","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_a7ggpn7r","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2159","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2159","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"stub-2159","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"section_number":"2159","chapter":"2100","depth":0,"title":"Section 2159","children_ids":[]},{"id":"pb_2zlmprro","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_2zlmprro","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

In examining applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102, the effective filing date of the claimed invention is the\n actual filing date of the U.S. application, unless situation (A), (B), or (C) as set\n forth below applies. Note that the actual U.S. filing date of an application that\n entered the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is the international\n filing date. See 35\n U.S.C. 363 and MPEP § 1893.03(b).\n

","rendered_text_plain":"In examining applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102, the effective filing date of the claimed invention is the actual filing date of the U.S. application, unless situation (A), (B), or (C) as set forth below applies. Note that the actual U.S. filing date of an application that entered the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371 is the international filing date. See 35 U.S.C. 363 and MPEP § 1893.03(b).","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"d0e58537pAIA","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_c5k6d6sl"},{"id":"li_marogb2w","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/li_marogb2w","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"
  • (A) If the application is a continuation or divisional of one or\n more earlier U.S. applications or international applications and if the\n requirements of 35 U.S.C. 120 or\n 365(c) have been satisfied, the effective filing date of\n the claimed invention is the same as the earliest filing date in the line of\n continuation or divisional applications.\n
    • ","rendered_text_plain":"(A) If the application is a continuation or divisional of one or more earlier U.S. applications or international applications and if the requirements of 35 U.S.C. 120 or 365(c) have been satisfied, the effective filing date of the claimed invention is the same as the earliest filing date in the line of continuation or divisional applications.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"d0e58541pAIA","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"list_item","enumerator_label":"(A)","enumerator_ordinal":0,"parent_list_id":"ls_uw4ch3t5","child_ids":null},{"id":"li_xpwujmfo","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/li_xpwujmfo","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"
  • (B) If the application is a continuation-in-part of an earlier\n U.S. application or international application, any claims in the new application\n not supported by the specification and claims of the parent application have an\n effective filing date equal to the actual filing date of the new application. Any\n claims which are fully supported under 35 U.S.C. 112 by the earlier\n parent application have the effective filing date of that earlier parent\n application.\n
    • ","rendered_text_plain":"(B) If the application is a continuation-in-part of an earlier U.S. application or international application, any claims in the new application not supported by the specification and claims of the parent application have an effective filing date equal to the actual filing date of the new application. Any claims which are fully supported under 35 U.S.C. 112 by the earlier parent application have the effective filing date of that earlier parent application.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"d0e58548pAIA","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"list_item","enumerator_label":"(B)","enumerator_ordinal":1,"parent_list_id":"ls_uw4ch3t5","child_ids":null},{"id":"li_ocvzjolk","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/li_ocvzjolk","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"
  • (C) If the application properly claims benefit under\n 35 U.S.C.\n 119(e) to a provisional application, the effective filing\n date of the claimed invention is the filing date of the provisional application\n for any claims which are fully supported under the first paragraph of\n 35 U.S.C.\n 112 by the provisional application.\n
    • ","rendered_text_plain":"(C) If the application properly claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) to a provisional application, the effective filing date of the claimed invention is the filing date of the provisional application for any claims which are fully supported under the first paragraph of 35 U.S.C. 112 by the provisional application.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"d0e58555pAIA","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"list_item","enumerator_label":"(C)","enumerator_ordinal":2,"parent_list_id":"ls_uw4ch3t5","child_ids":null},{"id":"ls_uw4ch3t5","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/ls_uw4ch3t5","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"d0e58541pAIA","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"list","enumerator_style":"alpha_upper","host_section_id":"se_c5k6d6sl","parent_list_item_id":null,"item_ids":["li_marogb2w","li_xpwujmfo","li_ocvzjolk"],"nesting_depth":1},{"id":"pb_vpe3x65h","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_vpe3x65h","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    The effective filing date for claims subject to\n pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102 is not the filing date of the foreign priority document,\n although the filing date of the foreign priority document may be used to overcome\n certain references. See MPEP § 2136.05et seq.

    ","rendered_text_plain":"The effective filing date for claims subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 is not the filing date of the foreign priority document, although the filing date of the foreign priority document may be used to overcome certain references. See MPEP § 2136.05et seq.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222e9_20ae3_2bc","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_c5k6d6sl"},{"id":"pb_cmiacnhu","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_cmiacnhu","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    See MPEP\n § 1893.03(c), subsection III for benefit claims under\n 35 U.S.C.\n 119(e), 120, or 365(c) in an\n application that entered the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371. See\n MPEP §§\n 211.01(c) and 1895 for additional information on\n determining the effective filing dates of claimed inventions in a continuation,\n divisional, or continuation-in-part of a PCT application designating the U.S. See also\n MPEP §§\n 1895.01 and 1896 which discuss differences between\n applications filed under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) and international\n applications that enter national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371.\n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"See MPEP § 1893.03(c), subsection III for benefit claims under 35 U.S.C. 119(e), 120, or 365(c) in an application that entered the national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371. See MPEP §§ 211.01(c) and 1895 for additional information on determining the effective filing dates of claimed inventions in a continuation, divisional, or continuation-in-part of a PCT application designating the U.S. See also MPEP §§ 1895.01 and 1896 which discuss differences between applications filed under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) and international applications that enter national stage under 35 U.S.C. 371.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"d0e58578","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_c5k6d6sl"},{"id":"se_c5k6d6sl","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_c5k6d6sl","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_d2c184_12530_2b6","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"section","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2139_01","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2139_01","section_number":"2139.01","chapter":"2100","depth":1,"title":"Effective Filing Date of a Claimed Invention Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 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112"},{"id":"st_lovk7ipw","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_lovk7ipw","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"119","subsection_path":["e"],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 119(e)"},{"id":"se_qyw22cak","node_type":"section","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_qyw22cak","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2136","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2136","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"stub-2136","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"section_number":"2136","chapter":"2100","depth":0,"title":"Section 2136","children_ids":[]},{"id":"se_2sllbzbt","node_type":"section","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_2sllbzbt","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_211","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_211","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"stub-211","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"section_number":"211","chapter":"200","depth":0,"title":"Section 211","children_ids":[]},{"id":"se_6aee4l7k","node_type":"section","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_6aee4l7k","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_1895","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_1895","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"stub-1895","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"section_number":"1895","chapter":"1800","depth":0,"title":"Section 1895","children_ids":[]},{"id":"st_yxf4bvgs","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_yxf4bvgs","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"111","subsection_path":["a"],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 111(a)"},{"id":"pb_dh3aiwtg","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_dh3aiwtg","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    [Editor Note: This MPEP section is not applicable to applications\n subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA as set\n forth in 35 U.S.C. 100 (note). See MPEP §\n 2159 et seq. to determine whether an application is subject\n to examination under the first inventor to file (FITF) provisions, and\n MPEP\n § 2150 et seq. for examination of applications subject to\n those provisions. See MPEP § 2152.05 for the examination\n of applications subject to the first inventor to file provisions of the\n AIA.]

    ","rendered_text_plain":"[Editor Note: This MPEP section is not applicable to applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA as set forth in 35 U.S.C. 100 (note). See MPEP § 2159 et seq. to determine whether an application is subject to examination under the first inventor to file (FITF) provisions, and MPEP § 2150 et seq. for examination of applications subject to those provisions. See MPEP § 2152.05 for the examination of applications subject to the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA.]","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_281a2_399","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","tags":["editorial_note"]},{"id":"se_vqgrrn3n","node_type":"section","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_vqgrrn3n","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2150","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2150","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"stub-2150","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"section_number":"2150","chapter":"2100","depth":0,"title":"Section 2150","children_ids":[]},{"id":"se_m2bwsa3d","node_type":"section","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_m2bwsa3d","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2152","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2152","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"stub-2152","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"section_number":"2152","chapter":"2100","depth":0,"title":"Section 2152","children_ids":[]},{"id":"pb_l2tiigmr","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_l2tiigmr","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"I. PRE-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)","rendered_text_plain":"I. PRE-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_281a2_399/b.0","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"informal_heading","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","heading_level":2,"heading_text":"I. PRE-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)"},{"id":"pb_t3asec36","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_t3asec36","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    First, the examiner should consider whether the\n reference qualifies as prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b) because\n this section results in a statutory bar to obtaining a patent. If the publication or\n issue date of the reference is more than 1 year prior to the effective filing date of\n the claimed invention (MPEP § 2139.01), the reference\n qualifies as prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b).\n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"First, the examiner should consider whether the reference qualifies as prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b) because this section results in a statutory bar to obtaining a patent. If the publication or issue date of the reference is more than 1 year prior to the effective filing date of the claimed invention (MPEP § 2139.01), the reference qualifies as prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b).","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_28263_46","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"st_jftolmqq","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_jftolmqq","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"102","subsection_path":["b"],"canonical_citation":"pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)"},{"id":"pb_aidgw7ze","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_aidgw7ze","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    Publications, patents, public uses and sales, however,\n will not bar a patent if the 1-year grace period otherwise ends on a Saturday,\n Sunday, or federal holiday and the application’s U.S. filing date is the next\n succeeding business day. Ex parte Olah, 131 USPQ 41 (Bd. App.\n 1960) and 35 U.S.C.\n 21(b). The provisions of 35 U.S.C. 21(b) still apply\n notwithstanding the provisions of 37 CFR 1.6(a)(2) and\n 37 CFR\n 1.10, which accord a filing date as of the date of deposit as\n Priority Mail Express® with the U.S. Postal Service and\n 37 CFR\n 1.6(a)(4), which accords a filing date as of the date of\n submission using the USPTO patent electronic filing system.\n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"Publications, patents, public uses and sales, however, will not bar a patent if the 1-year grace period otherwise ends on a Saturday, Sunday, or federal holiday and the application’s U.S. filing date is the next succeeding business day. Ex parte Olah, 131 USPQ 41 (Bd. App. 1960) and 35 U.S.C. 21(b). The provisions of 35 U.S.C. 21(b) still apply notwithstanding the provisions of 37 CFR 1.6(a)(2) and 37 CFR 1.10, which accord a filing date as of the date of deposit as Priority Mail Express® with the U.S. Postal Service and 37 CFR 1.6(a)(4), which accords a filing date as of the date of submission using the USPTO patent electronic filing system.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_282b5_18a","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"cs_2t5d55b3","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/cs_2t5d55b3","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"Ex parte Olah, 131 USPQ 41 (Bd. App. 1960)","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"case","short_name":"Ex parte Olah","all_citations":["131 USPQ 41"],"canonical_citation":"Ex parte Olah, 131 USPQ 41 (Bd. App. 1960)","decision_year":1960,"court":"BPAI","holding_summary":null,"holding_reviewer":null},{"id":"st_cmsu6wxg","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_cmsu6wxg","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"21","subsection_path":["b"],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 21(b)"},{"id":"st_ed4a4h2t","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_ed4a4h2t","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_cfr","authority_title_num":"37","authority_section_num":"1.6","subsection_path":["a","2"],"canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.6(a)(2)"},{"id":"st_zjce26aw","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_zjce26aw","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_cfr","authority_title_num":"37","authority_section_num":"1.10","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.10"},{"id":"st_r5iy4mpw","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_r5iy4mpw","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_cfr","authority_title_num":"37","authority_section_num":"1.6","subsection_path":["a","4"],"canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.6(a)(4)"},{"id":"pb_oeqpwsao","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_oeqpwsao","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    If there is evidence of public use or sale activity\n more than one year prior to the effective filing date of the claimed invention, a\n rejection should be made under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b), which\n results in a statutory bar to obtaining a patent, rather than under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(a). Note that mere knowledge of the invention by the public\n does not warrant rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b),\n although public knowledge may provide grounds for rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(a). See MPEP §§ 2132 and\n 2133.03(a). \n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"If there is evidence of public use or sale activity more than one year prior to the effective filing date of the claimed invention, a rejection should be made under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b), which results in a statutory bar to obtaining a patent, rather than under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a). Note that mere knowledge of the invention by the public does not warrant rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b), although public knowledge may provide grounds for rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a). See MPEP §§ 2132 and 2133.03(a).","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_p_2c18b_16769_2db","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"st_chovvrcv","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_chovvrcv","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"102","subsection_path":["a"],"canonical_citation":"pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)"},{"id":"se_5tfatyoo","node_type":"section","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_5tfatyoo","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2132","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2132","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"stub-2132","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"section_number":"2132","chapter":"2100","depth":0,"title":"Section 2132","children_ids":[]},{"id":"pb_xqyzydns","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_xqyzydns","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"II. PRE-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)","rendered_text_plain":"II. PRE-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_281a2_399/b.2","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"informal_heading","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","heading_level":2,"heading_text":"II. PRE-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)"},{"id":"pb_pzlwvz3t","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_pzlwvz3t","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    If the publication or issue date of the reference is\n too recent for pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b) to apply, then the examiner should\n consider pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 102(e).\n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"If the publication or issue date of the reference is too recent for pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b) to apply, then the examiner should consider pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e).","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_28374_211","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"st_erhyeayh","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_erhyeayh","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"102","subsection_path":["e"],"canonical_citation":"pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)"},{"id":"pb_paqel2xp","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_paqel2xp","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) allows\n the use of certain international application publications and U.S. patent application\n publications, and certain U.S. patents as prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(e) as of their respective U.S. filing dates, including\n certain international filing dates. The prior art date of a reference under\n pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 102(e) may be the international filing date if the\n international filing date was on or after November 29, 2000, the international\n application designated the United States, and the international application was\n published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) under the Patent\n Cooperation Treaty (PCT) Article 21(2) in the English language. See\n MPEP §\n 2136 for examination guidelines on the application of\n pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 102(e). References based on international applications\n that were filed prior to November 29, 2000 are subject to the \"pre-AIPA\" version of\n 35 U.S.C. 102(e) in force on November 28, 2000. See subsection\n III, below and MPEP § 2136.03 for additional\n information.\n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) allows the use of certain international application publications and U.S. patent application publications, and certain U.S. patents as prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) as of their respective U.S. filing dates, including certain international filing dates. The prior art date of a reference under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) may be the international filing date if the international filing date was on or after November 29, 2000, the international application designated the United States, and the international application was published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) Article 21(2) in the English language. See MPEP § 2136 for examination guidelines on the application of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e). References based on international applications that were filed prior to November 29, 2000 are subject to the \"pre-AIPA\" version of 35 U.S.C. 102(e) in force on November 28, 2000. See subsection III, below and MPEP § 2136.03 for additional information.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_p_29b9a_212f2_115","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"st_q7kkxorc","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_q7kkxorc","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"pct_treaty","authority_title_num":"","authority_section_num":"21","subsection_path":["2"],"canonical_citation":"PCT Article 21(2)"},{"id":"pb_jhlaz2vn","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_jhlaz2vn","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    In order to apply a reference under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(e), the inventive entity of the application must be\n different from that of the reference. Note that, where there are joint inventors,\n only one joint inventor needs to be different for the inventive entities to be\n different and a rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) is\n applicable even if there are some joint inventors in common between the application\n and the reference.\n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"In order to apply a reference under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), the inventive entity of the application must be different from that of the reference. Note that, where there are joint inventors, only one joint inventor needs to be different for the inventive entities to be different and a rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) is applicable even if there are some joint inventors in common between the application and the reference.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_28436_cf","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"li_7lcxp3ea","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/li_7lcxp3ea","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"
  • (e) the invention was described in — (1) an\n application for patent, published under section 122(b), by\n another filed in the United States before the invention by the applicant for\n patent or (2) a patent granted on an application for patent by another filed\n in the United States before the invention by the applicant for patent,\n except that an international application filed under the treaty defined in\n section\n 351(a) shall have the effects for the purposes of this\n subsection of an application filed in the United States only if the\n international application designated the United States and was published\n under Article 21(2) of such treaty in the English language;\n or \n
    • ","rendered_text_plain":"(e) the invention was described in — (1) an application for patent, published under section 122(b), by another filed in the United States before the invention by the applicant for patent or (2) a patent granted on an application for patent by another filed in the United States before the invention by the applicant for patent, except that an international application filed under the treaty defined in section 351(a) shall have the effects for the purposes of this subsection of an application filed in the United States only if the international application designated the United States and was published under Article 21(2) of such treaty in the English language; or","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_29885_336","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"list_item","enumerator_label":"(e)","enumerator_ordinal":0,"parent_list_id":"ls_xr2oudpl","child_ids":null},{"id":"ls_xr2oudpl","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/ls_xr2oudpl","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_29885_336","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"list","enumerator_style":"alpha_lower","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","parent_list_item_id":null,"item_ids":["li_7lcxp3ea"],"nesting_depth":1},{"id":"sb_3eley6b7","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/sb_3eley6b7","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_28524_272","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statutory_block","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"102","citation_title_text":"35 U.S.C. 102 (pre-AIA)","heading":"Conditions for patentability; novelty and loss of right to patent.","body_list_id":"ls_xr2oudpl","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"pb_jxjtgnur","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_jxjtgnur","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    *****

    ","rendered_text_plain":"*****","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_28524_272/p.0","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"excluded_text","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","tags":["edit_history:excluded"]},{"id":"pb_qm2iqzz4","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_qm2iqzz4","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    *****

    ","rendered_text_plain":"*****","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_28524_272/p.1","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"excluded_text","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","tags":["edit_history:excluded"]},{"id":"pb_wih6qahg","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_wih6qahg","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(e) has two separate clauses, namely, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(e)(1) for publications of patent applications and\n pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 102(e)(2) for U.S. patents. Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(e)(1), in combination with pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 374, created a new category of prior art by providing prior art\n effect for certain publications of patent applications, including certain\n international applications, as of their effectively filed dates in the United States\n (which include certain international filing dates). Under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(e), an international filing date which is on or after\n November 29, 2000 is the United States filing date if the international application\n designated the United States and was published by the World Intellectual Property\n Organization (WIPO) under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) Article\n 21(2) in the English language. Therefore, the prior art date of\n a reference under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) may be the international filing date\n (if all three conditions noted above are met) or an earlier U.S. filing date for\n which priority or benefit is properly claimed.\n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) has two separate clauses, namely, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)(1) for publications of patent applications and pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)(2) for U.S. patents. Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)(1), in combination with pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 374, created a new category of prior art by providing prior art effect for certain publications of patent applications, including certain international applications, as of their effectively filed dates in the United States (which include certain international filing dates). Under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), an international filing date which is on or after November 29, 2000 is the United States filing date if the international application designated the United States and was published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) Article 21(2) in the English language. Therefore, the prior art date of a reference under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) may be the international filing date (if all three conditions noted above are met) or an earlier U.S. filing date for which priority or benefit is properly claimed.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_29959_274","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"st_3tzzi22k","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_3tzzi22k","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"374","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 374"},{"id":"st_c4bdlgiw","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_c4bdlgiw","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"pct_treaty","authority_title_num":"","authority_section_num":"21","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"PCT Article 21(2)"},{"id":"pb_6krnlkv6","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_6krnlkv6","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    Publication under PCT Article 21(2) may result from\n a request for early publication by an applicant of an international application or\n after the expiration of 18-months after the earliest claimed priority date in an\n international application. International applications, which: (1) were filed prior to\n November 29, 2000, or (2) did not designate the U.S., or (3) were not published in\n English under PCT\n Article 21(2) by WIPO, may not be used to reach back (bridge)\n to an earlier filing date through a priority or benefit claim for prior art purposes\n under pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 102(e). An international filing date which is on or\n after November 29, 2000 is a United States filing date for purposes of determining\n the earliest effective prior art date of a patent if the international application\n designated the United States and was published in the English language under\n PCT Article\n 21(2) by WIPO. No international filing dates prior to November\n 29, 2000 may be relied upon as a prior art date under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(e). \n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"Publication under PCT Article 21(2) may result from a request for early publication by an applicant of an international application or after the expiration of 18-months after the earliest claimed priority date in an international application. International applications, which: (1) were filed prior to November 29, 2000, or (2) did not designate the U.S., or (3) were not published in English under PCT Article 21(2) by WIPO, may not be used to reach back (bridge) to an earlier filing date through a priority or benefit claim for prior art purposes under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e). An international filing date which is on or after November 29, 2000 is a United States filing date for purposes of determining the earliest effective prior art date of a patent if the international application designated the United States and was published in the English language under PCT Article 21(2) by WIPO. No international filing dates prior to November 29, 2000 may be relied upon as a prior art date under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e).","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_29adc_3b8","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"pb_wpwqi67p","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_wpwqi67p","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"III. “PRE-AIPA” 35 U.S.C. 102(e) AS IN FORCE ON NOVEMBER 28, 2000","rendered_text_plain":"III. “PRE-AIPA” 35 U.S.C. 102(e) AS IN FORCE ON NOVEMBER 28, 2000","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_281a2_399/b.4","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"informal_heading","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","heading_level":2,"heading_text":"III. “PRE-AIPA” 35 U.S.C. 102(e) AS IN FORCE ON NOVEMBER 28, 2000"},{"id":"li_4fhc3yre","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/li_4fhc3yre","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"
  • (e) the invention was described in a patent\n granted on an application for patent by another filed in the United States\n before the invention thereof by the applicant for patent, or on an\n international application by another who has fulfilled the requirements of\n paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of section 371(c) of this title before the\n invention thereof by the applicant for patent. \n
    • ","rendered_text_plain":"(e) the invention was described in a patent granted on an application for patent by another filed in the United States before the invention thereof by the applicant for patent, or on an international application by another who has fulfilled the requirements of paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of section 371(c) of this title before the invention thereof by the applicant for patent.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_2a2b8_1e3","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"list_item","enumerator_label":"(e)","enumerator_ordinal":0,"parent_list_id":"ls_j4ty2kib","child_ids":null},{"id":"ls_j4ty2kib","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/ls_j4ty2kib","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_2a2b8_1e3","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"list","enumerator_style":"alpha_lower","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","parent_list_item_id":null,"item_ids":["li_4fhc3yre"],"nesting_depth":1},{"id":"sb_3oef26bm","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/sb_3oef26bm","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_29cdb_3ac","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statutory_block","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"102","citation_title_text":"“Pre-AIPA” 35 U.S.C. 102","heading":"Conditions for patentability; novelty and loss of right to patent (as in force on November 28, 2000).","body_list_id":"ls_j4ty2kib","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"pb_7fsy6lyy","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_7fsy6lyy","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    A person shall be entitled to a patent unless -

    ","rendered_text_plain":"A person shall be entitled to a patent unless -","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_2a267_ec","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"other","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"pb_4euod4uc","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_4euod4uc","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    *****

    ","rendered_text_plain":"*****","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_29cdb_3ac/p.0","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"excluded_text","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","tags":["edit_history:excluded"]},{"id":"pb_f2nj4ofv","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_f2nj4ofv","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    *****

    ","rendered_text_plain":"*****","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_29cdb_3ac/p.1","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"excluded_text","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","tags":["edit_history:excluded"]},{"id":"pb_spjk3wgi","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_spjk3wgi","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    Patents issued directly, or indirectly, from\n international applications filed before November 29, 2000 may only be used as prior\n art based on the provisions of pre-AIPA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) as in force on November 28,\n 2000. Thus, the pre-AIPA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) date of such a prior art patent is the\n earliest of the date of compliance with 35 U.S.C. 371(c)(1), (2) and (4), or the\n filing date of the later-filed U.S. continuing application that claimed the benefit\n of the international application. Publications of international applications filed\n before November 29, 2000 (which would include WIPO publications and U.S. publications\n of the national stage (35 U.S.C. 371)) do not have a pre-AIPA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) date\n at all (however, such publications are available as prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)\n or (b) as of their publication date).\n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"Patents issued directly, or indirectly, from international applications filed before November 29, 2000 may only be used as prior art based on the provisions of pre-AIPA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) as in force on November 28, 2000. Thus, the pre-AIPA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) date of such a prior art patent is the earliest of the date of compliance with 35 U.S.C. 371(c)(1), (2) and (4), or the filing date of the later-filed U.S. continuing application that claimed the benefit of the international application. Publications of international applications filed before November 29, 2000 (which would include WIPO publications and U.S. publications of the national stage (35 U.S.C. 371)) do not have a pre-AIPA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) date at all (however, such publications are available as prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) or (b) as of their publication date).","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_2a322_90","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"pb_35im3klm","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_35im3klm","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"IV. PRE-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)","rendered_text_plain":"IV. PRE-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_281a2_399/b.6","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"informal_heading","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt","heading_level":2,"heading_text":"IV. PRE-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)"},{"id":"pb_yt7exywx","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_yt7exywx","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    Even if the reference is prior art under\n pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 102(e), the examiner should still consider\n pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) for two reasons. First, if the\n reference is a U.S. patent or patent application publication of, or claims benefit\n of, an international application, the publication of the international application\n under PCT Article\n 21(2) may be the earliest prior art date under\n pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) for the disclosure. Second,\n references that are only prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), (f), or\n (g) and applied in a rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 103(a) are subject to being disqualified under\n pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 103(c) if the reference and the application were\n commonly owned, or subject to an obligation of common assignment, at the time the\n invention was made. For pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) to\n apply, the reference must have a publication date earlier in time than the effective\n filing date of the claimed invention in the application under examination, and must\n not be the inventor or at least one joint inventor's own work. \n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"Even if the reference is prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), the examiner should still consider pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) for two reasons. First, if the reference is a U.S. patent or patent application publication of, or claims benefit of, an international application, the publication of the international application under PCT Article 21(2) may be the earliest prior art date under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) for the disclosure. Second, references that are only prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), (f), or (g) and applied in a rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) are subject to being disqualified under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c) if the reference and the application were commonly owned, or subject to an obligation of common assignment, at the time the invention was made. For pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) to apply, the reference must have a publication date earlier in time than the effective filing date of the claimed invention in the application under examination, and must not be the inventor or at least one joint inventor's own work.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_d222ef_2a42c_311","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"st_jex4imip","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_jex4imip","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"103","subsection_path":["a"],"canonical_citation":"pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a)"},{"id":"st_3d3uv4pd","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_3d3uv4pd","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"103","subsection_path":["c"],"canonical_citation":"pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c)"},{"id":"pb_bxjqjgug","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_bxjqjgug","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    If the claimed invention is the subject of activity by\n an entity other than the inventor, such as sale by another, manufacture by another or\n disclosure of the invention by at least one joint inventor to another entity then\n both pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 102(a) and (b) may be applicable. If the evidence only\n points to knowledge within the year prior to the effective filing date then\n pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 102(a) applies. However, no rejection under\n pre-AIA 35\n U.S.C. 102(a) should be made if there is evidence that\n applicant made the invention and only disclosed it to others within the year prior to\n the effective filing date.\n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"If the claimed invention is the subject of activity by an entity other than the inventor, such as sale by another, manufacture by another or disclosure of the invention by at least one joint inventor to another entity then both pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) and (b) may be applicable. If the evidence only points to knowledge within the year prior to the effective filing date then pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) applies. However, no rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) should be made if there is evidence that applicant made the invention and only disclosed it to others within the year prior to the effective filing date.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch700_c2d1ff6b_299c5_c","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_mag45ryt"},{"id":"se_mag45ryt","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_mag45ryt","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_d2c184_125d3_2ef","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"section","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2139_02","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2139_02","section_number":"2139.02","chapter":"2100","depth":1,"title":"Determining Whether To Apply Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a), (b), or (e)","children_ids":["pb_dh3aiwtg","pb_l2tiigmr","pb_t3asec36","pb_aidgw7ze","pb_oeqpwsao","pb_xqyzydns","pb_pzlwvz3t","pb_paqel2xp","pb_jhlaz2vn","sb_3eley6b7","pb_jxjtgnur","pb_qm2iqzz4","pb_wih6qahg","pb_6krnlkv6","pb_wpwqi67p","sb_3oef26bm","pb_7fsy6lyy","pb_4euod4uc","pb_f2nj4ofv","pb_spjk3wgi","pb_35im3klm","pb_yt7exywx","pb_bxjqjgug"],"revision_tag":"R-01.2024","parent_section_id":"se_ttpehrt5"},{"id":"pb_wb6xf4gp","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_wb6xf4gp","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

    The following form paragraphs should be used in making\n the appropriate rejections. Note that the particular part of the reference relied upon\n to support the rejection should be identified. \n

    ","rendered_text_plain":"The following form paragraphs should be used in making the appropriate rejections. Note that the particular part of the reference relied upon to support the rejection should be identified.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_p_2c184_12691_2cf","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_ocrbkfco"},{"id":"fp_bdjlk4mm","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_bdjlk4mm","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.06","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_06","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_06","form_paragraph_number":"7.06","title":"Notice re prior art available under both pre-AIA and AIA","body_html":"

    In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject\n to AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102\n and 103)\n is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA) for\n the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon,\n and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status.\n

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_hwlhf3ry","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_hwlhf3ry","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.07.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_07","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_07","form_paragraph_number":"7.07","title":"Statement of Statutory Basis, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102","body_html":"

    The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of\n pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in\n this Office action:\n

    \n

    A person shall be entitled to a patent\n unless—\n

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_nw4yejls","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_nw4yejls","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.08.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_08","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_08","form_paragraph_number":"7.08","title":"Pre-AIA 102(a), Activity by Another Before Invention by Applicant","body_html":"

    (a) the invention was known or used by others in this\n country, or patented or described in a printed publication in this or a foreign country,\n before the invention thereof by the applicant for a patent.\n

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_fuanjqvi","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_fuanjqvi","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.09.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_09","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_09","form_paragraph_number":"7.09","title":"Pre-AIA 102(b), Activity More Than One Year Prior to Filing","body_html":"

    (b) the invention was patented or described in a printed\n publication in this or a foreign country or in public use or on sale in this country, more\n than one year prior to the date of application for patent in the United\n States.\n

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_foez74dz","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_foez74dz","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.10.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_10","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_10","form_paragraph_number":"7.10","title":"Pre-AIA 102(c), Invention Abandoned","body_html":"

    (c) he has abandoned the invention.

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_ddhw2xea","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_ddhw2xea","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.11.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_11","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_11","form_paragraph_number":"7.11","title":"Pre-AIA 102(d), Foreign Patenting","body_html":"

    (d) the invention was first patented or caused to be\n patented, or was the subject of an inventor’s certificate, by the applicant or his legal\n representatives or assigns in a foreign country prior to the date of the application for\n patent in this country on an application for patent or inventor’s certificate filed more than\n twelve months before the filing of the application in the United States.\n

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_gmvd3j67","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_gmvd3j67","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.12.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_12","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_12","form_paragraph_number":"7.12","title":"Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C 102(e), Patent Application Publication or Patent to Another with Earlier Filing Date, in view of the American Inventors Protection Act of 1999 (AIPA) and the Intellectual Property and High Technology Technical Amendments Act of 2002","body_html":"

    (e) the invention was described in (1) an application for\n patent, published under section 122(b), by another filed in the United\n States before the invention by the applicant for patent or (2) a patent granted on an\n application for patent by another filed in the United States before the invention by the\n applicant for patent, except that an international application filed under the treaty defined\n in section 351(a) shall have the effects for purposes of this subsection of an\n application filed in the United States only if the international application designated the\n United States and was published under Article 21(2) of such treaty in the\n English language.\n

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_dsyoqtnz","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_dsyoqtnz","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.12.01.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_12_01","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_12_01","form_paragraph_number":"7.12.01","title":"Pre-AIPA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), Patent to Another with Earlier Filing Date, Reference is a U.S. Patent Issued Directly or Indirectly From a National Stage of, or a Continuing Application Claiming Benefit to, an International Application Having an International Filing Date Prior to November 29, 2000","body_html":"

    (e) the invention was described in a patent granted on an\n application for patent by another filed in the United States before the invention thereof by\n the applicant for patent, or on an international application by another who has fulfilled the\n requirements of paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of section 371(c) of this title\n before the invention thereof by the applicant for patent. \n

    \n

    The changes made to 35 U.S.C. 102(e) by the American\n Inventors Protection Act of 1999 (AIPA) and the Intellectual Property and High Technology\n Technical Amendments Act of 2002 do not apply when the reference is a U.S. patent resulting\n directly or indirectly from an international application filed before November 29, 2000.\n Therefore, the prior art date of the reference is determined under 35 U.S.C. 102(e) prior to\n the amendment by the AIPA (pre-AIPA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)).\n

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_v4eoktjt","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_v4eoktjt","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.13.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_13","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_13","form_paragraph_number":"7.13","title":"Pre-AIA 102(f), Applicant Not the Inventor","body_html":"

    (f) he did not himself invent the subject matter sought to\n be patented.\n

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_w3kxfi6q","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_w3kxfi6q","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.14.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_14","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_14","form_paragraph_number":"7.14","title":"Pre-AIA 102(g), Priority of Invention","body_html":"

    (g)(1) during the course of an interference conducted under\n section 135 or section 291, another inventor involved therein\n establishes, to the extent permitted in section 104, that before\n such person’s invention thereof the invention was made by such other inventor and not\n abandoned, suppressed, or concealed, or (2) before such person’s invention thereof, the\n invention was made in this country by another inventor who had not abandoned, suppressed, or\n concealed it. In determining priority of invention under this subsection, there shall be\n considered not only the respective dates of conception and reduction to practice of the\n invention, but also the reasonable diligence of one who was first to conceive and last to\n reduce to practice, from a time prior to conception by the other.\n

    ","placeholders":[],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_4fzpdrlk","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_4fzpdrlk","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.15.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_15","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_15","form_paragraph_number":"7.15","title":"Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a), (b) Patent or Publication, and (g)","body_html":"

    Claim(s) [1] is/are rejected under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102[2] as being [3] by [4].\n

    ","placeholders":[{"index":1,"position_in_text":9,"inferred_slot_type":null},{"index":2,"position_in_text":56,"inferred_slot_type":null},{"index":3,"position_in_text":69,"inferred_slot_type":null},{"index":4,"position_in_text":76,"inferred_slot_type":null}],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_ocrbkfco"]},{"id":"fp_ao5er4dx","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_ao5er4dx","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-10.2019","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2139.html","source_anchor":"fp7.15.01.fti","source_sha256":"abba175c49b68a792e7298e48d76a63bb4452ac9a561e1c5dd16ff659ceba0df"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_15_01","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_15_01","form_paragraph_number":"7.15.01","title":"Provisional Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) - Common Assignee, Common Applicant, or At Least One Common (Joint) Inventor","body_html":"

    Claim(s) [1] is/are provisionally rejected under\n pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(e) as being anticipated by copending Application No. [2]\n which has a common [3] with the instant application.\n

    \n

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