{"section":{"filename":"s2157.html","chapter":"2100","section_number":"2157","title":"Improper Naming of Inventors","revision_tag":"R-01.2024","bytes":70362,"sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9","subsection_count":0,"max_depth":0,"subsections":[]},"quality":"structured","cited_authorities":{"file_section":"2157","cases":[],"statutes":[{"key":"us_usc:35:115","slug":"35-usc-115","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 115","mentions":4},{"key":"us_usc:35:102","slug":"35-usc-102","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 102","mentions":3},{"key":"us_cfr:37:1.48","slug":"37-cfr-1-48","canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.48","mentions":3},{"key":"us_usc:35:101","slug":"35-usc-101","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 101","mentions":3},{"key":"us_cfr:37:1.130","slug":"37-cfr-1-130","canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.130","mentions":1},{"key":"us_usc:35:135","slug":"35-usc-135","canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 135","mentions":1}],"cross_references":[{"key":"mpep:602","section_number":"602","title":"Oaths and Declarations","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2109","section_number":"2109","title":"Inventorship","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2137","section_number":"2137","title":"Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(f)","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2155","section_number":"2155","title":"Use of Affidavits or Declarations Under 37 CFR 1.130\n To Overcome Prior Art Rejections","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2159","section_number":"2159","title":"Applicability Date Provisions and Determining Whether an Application Is Subject to the First Inventor To File Provisions of the AIA","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2310","section_number":"2310","title":"Derivation Proceedings","exists":true,"mentions":1},{"key":"mpep:2315","section_number":"2315","title":"Action After a Derivation Proceeding is Decided","exists":true,"mentions":1}],"form_paragraphs":[]},"structured_data":{"nodes":[{"id":"se_srlrxpti","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_srlrxpti","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_d20034_1bb92_e7","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"section","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2157","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2157","section_number":"2157","chapter":"2100","depth":0,"title":"Improper Naming of Inventors","revision_tag":"R-01.2024","children_ids":["pb_orzke6rr","pb_36lc5yx4","pb_v4cyoe6u","fp_g5re72yx","fp_rbnejjv4","fp_5k2cg2ua","pb_uf4mwmb7"]},{"id":"pb_orzke6rr","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_orzke6rr","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

Although the AIA eliminated pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(f), the patent laws still require the naming of the inventor of\n the claimed subject matter. See 35 U.S.C. 115(a) (“[a]n application for\n patent that is filed under [35 U.S.C.] 111(a) or commences the\n national stage under [35\n U.S.C.] 371 shall include, or be amended to include, the name of the\n inventor for any invention claimed in the application”). The Office generally presumes that\n the named inventor in the application is the actual inventor to be named on the patent. See\n MPEP §\n 2109. However, see the examples in MPEP §§\n 2155.01 and 2155.02 regarding the need to establish\n inventorship on the record in connection with an affidavit or declaration under\n 37 CFR\n 1.130. A situation in which an application names a person who is not\n the actual inventor or a joint inventor as the inventor or a joint inventor will be handled\n in a derivation proceeding under 35 U.S.C. 135 (see\n MPEP §§\n 2310-2315), by a correction of inventorship\n under 37 CFR\n 1.48, or through a rejection under 35 U.S.C. 101 and\n 35 U.S.C.\n 115, as appropriate. \n

","rendered_text_plain":"Although the AIA eliminated pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(f), the patent laws still require the naming of the inventor of the claimed subject matter. See 35 U.S.C. 115(a) (“[a]n application for patent that is filed under [35 U.S.C.] 111(a) or commences the national stage under [35 U.S.C.] 371 shall include, or be amended to include, the name of the inventor for any invention claimed in the application”). The Office generally presumes that the named inventor in the application is the actual inventor to be named on the patent. See MPEP § 2109. However, see the examples in MPEP §§ 2155.01 and 2155.02 regarding the need to establish inventorship on the record in connection with an affidavit or declaration under 37 CFR 1.130. A situation in which an application names a person who is not the actual inventor or a joint inventor as the inventor or a joint inventor will be handled in a derivation proceeding under 35 U.S.C. 135 (see MPEP §§ 2310-2315), by a correction of inventorship under 37 CFR 1.48, or through a rejection under 35 U.S.C. 101 and 35 U.S.C. 115, as appropriate.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_d20034_1bbfb_232","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_srlrxpti"},{"id":"st_f5oboo62","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_f5oboo62","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"102","subsection_path":["f"],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 102(f)"},{"id":"st_qg57huvt","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_qg57huvt","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"115","subsection_path":["a"],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 115(a)"},{"id":"st_bllk6i34","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_bllk6i34","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_cfr","authority_title_num":"37","authority_section_num":"1.130","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.130"},{"id":"st_ydzrjnmu","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_ydzrjnmu","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"135","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 135"},{"id":"st_jxgkvupg","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_jxgkvupg","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_cfr","authority_title_num":"37","authority_section_num":"1.48","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"37 CFR 1.48"},{"id":"st_keb5vdhh","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_keb5vdhh","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"101","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 101"},{"id":"st_lnv3e4jx","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/st_lnv3e4jx","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"statute","authority":"us_usc","authority_title_num":"35","authority_section_num":"115","subsection_path":[],"canonical_citation":"35 U.S.C. 115"},{"id":"se_3jnx46zl","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_3jnx46zl","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"stub-2109","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"section","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2109","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2109","section_number":"2109","chapter":"2100","depth":0,"title":"Section 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2310","children_ids":[]},{"id":"se_i4arx5mj","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_i4arx5mj","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"stub-2315","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"section","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2315","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_2315","section_number":"2315","chapter":"2300","depth":0,"title":"Section 2315","children_ids":[]},{"id":"pb_36lc5yx4","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_36lc5yx4","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

Where an application names an incorrect inventorship, the\n applicant should submit a request to correct inventorship under 37 CFR 1.48. See\n MPEP §\n 602.01(c) et seq. In the rare situation where it is clear that the application\n does not name the correct inventorship and the applicant has not filed a request to correct\n inventorship under 37 CFR\n 1.48, Office personnel should reject the claims under\n 35 U.S.C.\n 101 and 35 U.S.C. 115. \n

","rendered_text_plain":"Where an application names an incorrect inventorship, the applicant should submit a request to correct inventorship under 37 CFR 1.48. See MPEP § 602.01(c) et seq. In the rare situation where it is clear that the application does not name the correct inventorship and the applicant has not filed a request to correct inventorship under 37 CFR 1.48, Office personnel should reject the claims under 35 U.S.C. 101 and 35 U.S.C. 115.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_p_2c192_22de5_2ae","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_srlrxpti"},{"id":"se_mh2pp6uw","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/se_mh2pp6uw","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"stub-602","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"section","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_602","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!sec_602","section_number":"602","chapter":"600","depth":0,"title":"Section 602","children_ids":[]},{"id":"pb_v4cyoe6u","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_v4cyoe6u","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

Use Form Paragraph 7.04.02.aia to reject claims under\n 35 U.S.C.\n 101 and 115 for failing to set forth the\n correct inventorship.\n

","rendered_text_plain":"Use Form Paragraph 7.04.02.aia to reject claims under 35 U.S.C. 101 and 115 for failing to set forth the correct inventorship.","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"ch2100_p_2c192_22cd6_fd","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"prose_block","kind":"narrative","host_section_id":"se_srlrxpti"},{"id":"fp_g5re72yx","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_g5re72yx","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"fp7.04.101.aia","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_04_101","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_04_101","form_paragraph_number":"7.04.101","title":"Statement of Statutory Bases, 35 U.S.C. 101 and 35 U.S.C. 115— Improper Inventorship","body_html":"

35 U.S.C. 101 reads as\n follows:\n

\n

Whoever invents or discovers any new and useful process,\n machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, may\n obtain a patent therefor, subject to the conditions and requirements of this\n title.\n

\n

35 U.S.C. 115(a) reads as follows (in\n part):\n

\n

An application for patent that is filed under section\n 111(a) or commences the national stage under section 371 shall\n include, or be amended to include, the name of the inventor for any invention claimed in the\n application.\n

\n

The present application sets forth the incorrect\n inventorship because [1].\n

","placeholders":[{"index":1,"position_in_text":606,"inferred_slot_type":null}],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_srlrxpti"]},{"id":"fp_rbnejjv4","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_rbnejjv4","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"fp7.04.102.aia","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_04_102","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_04_102","form_paragraph_number":"7.04.102","title":"Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 115— Improper Inventorship","body_html":"

35 U.S.C. 115(a) reads as follows (in\n part):\n

\n

An application for patent that is filed under section\n 111(a) or commences the national stage under section 371 shall\n include, or be amended to include, the name of the inventor for any invention claimed in the\n application.\n

\n

The present application sets forth the incorrect\n inventorship because [1].\n

","placeholders":[{"index":1,"position_in_text":338,"inferred_slot_type":null}],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_srlrxpti"]},{"id":"fp_5k2cg2ua","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/fp_5k2cg2ua","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"","rendered_text_plain":"","provenance":{"source_file":"s2157.html","source_anchor":"fp7.04.02.aia","source_sha256":"51f3081126951cc94b97537b866fc9132d39fcbc5dbd5bfdda8a32377795d0c9"},"node_type":"form_paragraph","akn_urn":"/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_04_02","canonical_url":"https://mpep.io/akn/us/statement/manual/uspto/2024/mpep/eng@2024-02-29!fp_7_04_02","form_paragraph_number":"7.04.02","title":"Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101/115","body_html":"

Claim [1] rejected under 35 U.S.C. 101 and\n 35 U.S.C.\n 115 for failing to set forth the correct inventorship for the reasons\n stated above. \n

","placeholders":[{"index":1,"position_in_text":6,"inferred_slot_type":null}],"appears_in_section_ids":["se_srlrxpti"]},{"id":"pb_uf4mwmb7","corpus_id":"mpep-e9r01-2024-html","opaque_url":"https://mpep.io/n/pb_uf4mwmb7","effective_range":{"start_revision":"R-01.2024","end_revision":null},"rendered_text_html":"

Note that a rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(f) should not be made if the application is subject to\n examination under the first inventor to file (FITF) provisions of the AIA. See\n MPEP §\n 2159et seq. to determine whether an application is subject to examination\n under the FITF provisions, and MPEP § 2137 for information pertaining to\n pre-AIA 35 U.S.C.\n 102(f).\n

","rendered_text_plain":"Note that a rejection under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(f) should not be made if the application is subject to examination under the first inventor to file (FITF) provisions of the AIA. See MPEP § 2159et seq. to determine whether an application is subject to examination under the FITF provisions, and MPEP § 2137 for information pertaining to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 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